
Section 14. PakBus Networking
14-18
14.3.8 Leaf-Nodes
A leaf-node is a PakBus device that doesn’t route packets, although it might be
capable of it if so configured. The routing table for a leaf-node is limited to its
neighbor list. PakBus Graph, Show Settings will only display the links to a
leaf node’s neighbors.
If a message is initiated by the CR800 (using SendVariables(), GetVariables(),
SendGetVariables(), SendData(), SendTableDef(), or ClockReport()), and the
parameter for the neighbor address is set to −1, meaning “discover the route”,
a leaf-node will route through the first router neighbor it finds in its discovered
list of neighbors.
Being a router requires more resources than being a leaf node. Allow as many
nodes as possible to be leaf-nodes and allow only routers to beacon. This
prevents unnecessary links being set up between leaf-nodes which have no
purpose communicating with each other.
In a network that discovers neighbors by neighbor filter helloing, the leaf
nodes need no neighbor filter as they will be discovered by their respective
routers.
Where LoggerNet is not beaconing and communicates with a leaf node directly
(for example, by RS-232 or via RF401s), the communication verification
interval will be infinite. Once established, LoggerNet will keep the leaf node
as a neighbor forever (or until its neighbor list is reset, which occurs with a
PakBus Graph Reset Node or when LoggerNet is closed).
14.3.9 Beacons and Neighbor Filters
Beaconing is a convenient way for PakBus devices to discover neighbors;
however, beaconing can result in the routing system selecting a direct but
unreliable RF link over a better path with router. For RF4xx networks with
routers, some beaconing may need to be turned off and neighbor filters
employed. Use PakBus Graph Ping Node to verify links (see 14.2.3).
Creating a CR800 neighbor filter is a two-step procedure. You input the
PakBus Address(es) of the Allowed Neighbors and you assign a time (in
seconds) for Verify Interval xxx. A PakBus device with neighbor filter will
send hello packets in an attempt to establish as neighbors the PakBus device(s)
on the allowed neighbors list. Later, if an established neighbor is not heard
from within the specified verification interval, the neighbor filter will send
hello messages to the allowed neighbor(s) to try and get a response restoring
neighbor status. Normal communications within the verification interval
prevent hellos which would otherwise consume some network bandwidth.
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